We recognize both the potential reduced harm benefits for smokers that e-cigarettes offer, as well as the potential risks regarding youth access and uptake. It is imperative that the government strike the right regulatory balance to maximize the benefits and minimize risks to both individuals and public health. Much can be done to educate Canadians on the health and safety aspects of e-cigarettes and to incentivize smokers to choose less harmful alternatives through various policy levers including price, taxation, packaging, labelling, and advertising and promotion.